Set on a hill overlooking a small replica of the gardens of the Chateau de Versailles, the Parque da Independência, the Museu Paulista da Universidade de São Paulo – colloquially known as the Museu do Ipiranga – was built in commemoration of Dom Pedro I, who declared Brazil’s independence in 1822. The gorgeous Renaissance-style building took ten years to complete and dates from 1895. Inside, it traces the history of Brazil, from the early settlers to the 1950s, highlighting the role played by the people of São Paulo. The museum and the gardens offer great views of the city, and the Parque da Independência (free entry) is a great place to kick off your shoes and lounge in the shade.